One of the most common sexually transmitted diseases is virus.It is unlikely that there is a person who has never heard of him, because today, according to the latest data, 12% of the world's population (it is around 660 million people) are infected with HPV.
The situation is enough of the definition of an epidemic.It is for this reason that we will discover what HPV is, how it manifests itself and what can be dangerous.
What is HPV?
It should be noted that viruses wander genes, they have a kind of intelligence.The academician Koznacheev said at one point that around two tons of bacterial viral bets of "live mass" cross the human body throughout his life.All these processes, of course, affect the work of genes.
The infection caused by the human papillom virus (HPV) is detected at least once in life in most sexually active people.The highest prevalence is observed in women aged 20 to 24 and men aged 25 to 29.Among the reasons affecting the spread of HPV includes socio-economic, behavioral and medical and hygienic factors.
How the HPV manifests itself
The HPV (the Papillomaviridae family) causes damage to the skin and the mucous membrane of a person.At the same time, their immune barrier is lower, which ultimately leads to an increase in the inflammatory process.In other words, entering the body, the virus causes the growth of lower cells which are not controlled by the immune system, which is clearly manifested in the form of papillomas, warts and candyl on the skin.The uterus is another "concentration" of the manifestation of this virus.This organ is a kind of "exhaust pipe" in the body, because it serves as a direct indicator of existing problems in the body (if necessary, the design process is impossible or difficult).The human papilloma virus affects the uterine mucosa and can cause oncology.
HPV types
The human papilloma virus can be divided into two categories - low risk oncogenic and high oncogenic risk.In most cases, with an infection caused by the low risk of HPV (1, 2, 3 and 4 types), the body fled in itself due to strong immunity.In rare cases, this type of infection causes the appearance of warts, mild papillomas, precancerous lesions and even cancer.In turn, HPVs are considered 16 and 18 types as biological carcinogens for cervical cancer, vulva, vagina, penis, anus and oropharynx.
According to manifestations of HPV infection on genitals, latent, subclinical and clinical forms are distinguished:
- The latent form of HPV infection, despite the presence of DNA of the virus, is not accompanied by morphological changes in the affected tissue.It is possible to determine the asymptomatic presence of this type of infection using molecular biological methods, for which it is necessary to constantly monitor the state of the epithelium of the collar, vagina and vulva.With this form, a specific treatment is not required.
- Subclinical forms of HPV infection (which occurs, as a rule, asymptomatic) can be determined in colposcopy and cytological or histological examination.Most of the vaginal flat vagina remains asymptomatic, but often they can cause itching, a vaginal discharge or a maculin length after intercourse.
- The clinical form of infection, which doctors must most often face, manifest themselves mainly in the form of warts and papillary formations which occur, as a rule, in places injured in sexual contact.Their appearance and additional relapses are associated with the weakening of general and local immunity.An important shade is that from the moment of infection to the appearance of warts can go from several weeks to several years.The average time between infection and their appearance is 11 to 12 months in men and up to six months in young women.
Cervical cancer - to what extent is it dangerous?
To understand how common and dangerous this disease is, just study the figures.About 530,000 cases of cervical cancer (RSM) are recorded each year in the world - it is in fourth place in the world in the prevalence of cancer in women.If we consider the structure of mortality in women under the age of 45, the death of cervical cancer is first.
How can I be infected with HPV?
The most common means of infection is vaginal and oral sexual contacts, including without penetration.
Even contact at a time with a probability of 80% leads to an infection.It is also possible to infected by oral sexual contact.A child can get a mother virus during childbirth.
Girls who have not reached puberty are most at risk.
The specificity of the virus is such that most men and women are infected at the start of sexual activity, and some are infected several times.
Is infection always the disease?
In a group of people under 30 years old by 90% of cases, the infection ends with an independent remedy.The remaining 10% go to the chronic stage, which can more go to cervical cancer.This process is very stretched over time: from the moment of infection to the development of oncology, 5-20 years pass.And cancer does not occur "suddenly", it is preceded by precancerous diseases.Thus, with a careful attitude towards your health, the disease can be warned or identified in the early stages.
Cervical cancer in the early stages may not seem symptomatically.Therefore, it is very important to regularly visit the gynecologist and carry out all the recommended exams.Extremely carefully, each woman must be treated with a bloody outing, an outing with an unpleasant odor, pain at the bottom of the abdomen.
How are HPV and RSM diagnosed?
The diagnostic system is very developed today and allows you to achieve great precision in the early stages.First of all, screening tests are used, including a cytological examination of the cervix, oncogenic risk tests high in HPV and an extended colposcopy.
It is recommended to do the annual detection of the cervix to all women aged 21 to 69.Cytological research for women aged 21 to 29 is carried out every 3 years and 30 to 69 years - every 5 years.The HPV test is carried out as prescribed by a doctor on the basis of stroke results.
Prevention and treatment of HPV
It is preferable to prevent any disease than to deal with - and in the case of HPV, doctors and patients have all the possibilities for this.As a primary prevention today, vaccination can be recommended.The importance of this vaccination is at least avoided by the fact that in many countries, it is included in the national vaccination calendar.In addition, they arrive at all children - girls and boys.And the experience of such vaccination has already been accumulated, there are effective data.In particular, the Australian Minister of Health said that in 2020, Australia will become the first country in the world with cervical cancer, precisely due to mass vaccination since 2007.
Like other viruses, HPV can be removed using various immunostimulant products, such as colostrum, cat label, shark liver fat, as well as stimulating the body with various micro -elements - calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, selenium, iron.These trace elements improve immunity and favorably affect the protection of the body against HPV.There is a statement that in the event of HPV in the body, a matrix area is formed (the first papilloma which appeared under the influence of the virus), and if it is burned and removed, and the probability of the appearance of news is significantly reduced.With a recurrent course of the disease, it is recommended to use systemic immunomodulations agents, in particular interferons.